Das Ermächtigungsgesetz

Link: www.heise.de (extern)

Wenn im Deutschen ohne nähere Kennzeichnung vom Ermächtigungsgesetz gesprochen wird, ist normalerweise jenes gemeint, das am 23. März 1933 beschlossen und am 24. März verkündet wurde: das Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich. Da die unter diesem Vorzeichen von der Regierung beschlossenen Gesetze weder vom Reichsrat ratifiziert, noch vom Reichspräsidenten gegengezeichnet werden mussten, wurde mit diesem Ermächtigungsgesetz de facto die nationalsozialistische Diktatur etabliert. Die Gültigkeit des Gesetzes wurde zwar auf vier Jahre begrenzt, jedoch 1937 und 1939 durch den Reichstag sowie 1943 per Führererlass verlängert.
(wiki)

Und nun 9.5.07 führt die USA stillschweigend so ein Gesetz ein:
Eine still und ohne sonderliche Medienaufmerksamkeit am 9. Mai 2007 verabschiedete Direktive des Weißen Hauses gibt dem amtierenden Präsidenten zumindest theoretisch die Option, im Falle eines nicht näher definierten "katastrophischen Notfalls", am Kongress vorbei zu regieren. Ein Abgeordneter, der Ende vergangener Woche mehr zu erfahren versuchte, wurde unter Hinweis auf die Geheimhaltung barsch abgewiesen.

Wie The Oregonian am 20. Juli berichtete, bat der demokratische Kongressabgeordnete Peter DeFazio, der zugleich Mitglied des Homeland Security Committee ist, vergangene Woche um Einsicht weiterer Details zum Thema, nachdem mehrere besorgte Bürger ihn offenbar darauf angesprochen hatten. Sein Gesuch wurde abgelehnt. DeFazio hatte damit argumentiert, dass die betreffenden Inhalte für jedes Kongressmitglied hoch relevant seien, und zeigte sich über die Ablehnung verwundert und verärgert. Bush-Sprecher Trey Bohn argumentierte, die Inhalte seien "highly sensitive" – mehr wolle er zu dem Vorfall nicht sagen
(heise)

Sollten da ned weltweit die Alarmglocken läuten?
Wo sind die Proteste der liberalen Medien?
Wo sind all die Menschenfreunde die sogern die Leute mit brauner Sauce übergiessen und sie als Nazis verschreien?
Wo sind all die Stimmen die sich sonst so lautstark melden?

Dabei wundert es kaum, dass vereinzelte Artikel kaum Beachtung finden, still, heimlich und leise werden gewisse Grundrechte demontiert und die aerikanische Verfassung defacto zu einem wertlosen Stück Altpapier gemacht.
(http://nachgedacht.blogg.de/eintrag.php?id=1949)

Wenn das Gesetz in Kraft gesetzt wird, ist es zu spät!

Ich sag ja nicht dass es schon zur Amtszeit Bush's in Kraft tritt. Aber die Derektive ist da... und keine Sau interessierts.

Das erinnert mich stark ans dritte Reich, erst die möglichkeiten schaffen und dann
alleine Regieren.

guten morgen

warum sollte sich auch irgendeiner für dieses gesetz interessieren?
Die amerikanische bevölkerung wird sowiso immer mehr um ihre persönliche "freiheit" gebracht. und uns betrifft es im moment eh noch nicht direkt.
Wir werden sehen was da noch alles auf uns zu kommt, aber schön wird es bestimmt nicht ;(

@Sendkorn

einige weitere Infos wären ganz nützlich.

Also Wortlaut dieses Gesetzes, Meinungen der amerikanischen Opposition, Analyse eines Rechtsexperten, etc.

Gibts da was dazu?

@Idris

nicht sonderlich weit gedacht.

Das US-ameriukanische Volk ist jetzt schon zutiefst gespalten, dank Bush. Es gibt einige Stimmen die meinen, das selbst ein Bürgerkrieg in erreichbare Nähe gerutscht ist.

Auch wenn hier in Deutschland immer der Eindruck erwehrt würde die US-Amerikaner würden sich für Politik überhaupt nicht interesieren, wären alle ungebildet und Bush-treu, so ist das ein völlig falsches Bild.

Es gibt in USA viel Wiederstand gegen Bush, wir kriegen es nur nicht mit.

Ich such noch... mit meinem kaputten Englisch...

Link: www.whitehouse.gov (extern) (Archiv-Version vom 14.09.2007)

So .. ich kämpf mich da mal durch (link)

@UffTaTa

da hast du mich falsch verstanden, ich wollte das amerikanische volk mit sicherheit nicht als ungebildet hinstellen, aber was sollen sie sonst machen außer sich damit abfinden,
oder den von dir genannten bürgerkrieg "starten"

Und ich sprach nicht davon das es mich nicht interessiert, sondern ganz allgemein.
der Mensch neigt nun einmal dazu die augen zu verschließen um sich nicht weiter mit problemen auseinander zu setzen.Das macht das leben erträglicher :)

gruß Idris

National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive


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NATIONAL SECURITY PRESIDENTIAL DIRECTIVE/NSPD 51

HOMELAND SECURITY PRESIDENTIAL DIRECTIVE/HSPD-20

Subject: National Continuity Policy

Purpose

(1) This directive establishes a comprehensive national policy on the continuity of Federal Government structures and operations and a single National Continuity Coordinator responsible for coordinating the development and implementation of Federal continuity policies. This policy establishes "National Essential Functions," prescribes continuity requirements for all executive departments and agencies, and provides guidance for State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector organizations in order to ensure a comprehensive and integrated national continuity program that will enhance the credibility of our national security posture and enable a more rapid and effective response toand recovery from a national emergency.

Definitions

(2) In this directive:

(a) "Category" refers to the categories of executive departments and agencies listed in Annex A to this directive;

(b) "Catastrophic Emergency" means any incident, regardless of location, that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties, damage, or disruption severely affecting the U.S. population, infrastructure, environment, economy, or government functions;

(c) "Continuity of Government," or "COG," means a coordinated effort within the Federal Government's executive branch to ensure that National Essential Functions continue to be performed during a Catastrophic Emergency;

(d) "Continuity of Operations," or "COOP," means an effort within individual executive departments and agencies to ensure that Primary Mission-Essential Functions continue to be performed during a wide range of emergencies, including localized acts of nature, accidents, andtechnological or attack-related emergencies;

(e) "Enduring Constitutional Government," or "ECG," means a cooperative effort among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Federal Government, coordinated by the President, as a matter of comity with respect to the legislative and judicial branches and with proper respect for the constitutional separation of powers among the branches, to preserve the constitutional framework under which the Nation is governed and the capability of all three branches of government to execute constitutional responsibilities and provide for orderly succession, appropriate transition of leadership, and interoperability and support of the National Essential Functions during a catastrophic emergency;

(f) "Executive Departments and Agencies" means the executive departments enumerated in 5 U.S.C. 101, independent establishments as defined by 5 U.S.C. 104(1), Government corporations as defined by 5 U.S.C. 103(1), and theUnited States Postal Service;

(g) "Government Functions" means the collective functions of the heads of executive departments and agencies as defined by statute, regulation, presidential direction, or other legal authority, and the functions of the legislative and judicial branches;

(h) "National Essential Functions," or "NEFs," means that subset of Government Functions that are necessary to lead and sustain the Nation during a catastrophic emergency and that, therefore, must be supported through COOP and COG capabilities; and

(i) "Primary Mission Essential Functions," or "PMEFs," means those Government Functions that must be performed in order to support or implement the performance of NEFs before, during, and in the aftermath of an emergency.

Policy

(3) It is the policy of the United States to maintain a comprehensive and effective continuity capability composed of Continuity of Operations and Continuity of Government programs in order toensure the preservation of our form of government under the Constitution and the continuing performance of National Essential Functions under all conditions.

Implementation Actions

(4) Continuity requirements shall be incorporated into daily operations of all executive departments and agencies. As a result of the asymmetric threat environment, adequate warning of potential emergencies that could pose a significant risk to the homeland might not be available, and therefore all continuity planning shall be based on the assumption that no such warning will be received. Emphasis will be placed upon geographic dispersion of leadership, staff, and infrastructure in order to increase survivability and maintain uninterrupted Government Functions. Risk management principles shall be applied to ensure that appropriate operational readiness decisions are based on the probability of an attack or other incident and its consequences.

(5) The following NEFs are thefoundation for all continuity programs and capabilities and represent the overarching responsibilities of the Federal Government to lead and sustain the Nation during a crisis, and therefore sustaining the following NEFs shall be the primary focus of the Federal Government leadership during and in the aftermath of an emergency that adversely affects the performance of Government Functions:

(a) Ensuring the continued functioning of our form of government under the Constitution, including the functioning of the three separate branches of government;

(b) Providing leadership visible to the Nation and the world and maintaining the trust and confidence of the American people;

(c) Defending the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic, and preventing or interdicting attacks against the United States or its people, property, or interests;

(d) Maintaining and fostering effective relationships with foreignnations;

(e) Protecting against threats to the homeland and bringing to justice perpetrators of crimes or attacks against the United States or its people, property, or interests;

(f) Providing rapid and effective response to and recovery from the domestic consequences of an attack or other incident;

(g) Protecting and stabilizing the Nation's economy and ensuring public confidence in its financial systems; and

(h) Providing for critical Federal Government services that address the national health, safety, and welfare needs of the United States.

(6) The President shall lead the activities of the Federal Government for ensuring constitutional government. In order to advise and assist the President in that function, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism (APHS/CT) is hereby designated as the National Continuity Coordinator. The National Continuity Coordinator, in coordination with the Assistant to thePresident for National Security Affairs (APNSA), without exercising directive authority, shall coordinate the development and implementation of continuity policy for executive departments and agencies. The Continuity Policy Coordination Committee (CPCC), chaired by a Senior Director from the Homeland Security Council staff, designated by the National Continuity Coordinator, shall be the main day-to-day forum for such policy coordination.

(7) For continuity purposes, each executive department and agency is assigned to a category in accordance with the nature and characteristics of its national security roles and responsibilities in support of the Federal Government's ability to sustain the NEFs. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall serve as the President's lead agent for coordinating overall continuity operations and activities of executive departments and agencies, and in such role shall perform the responsibilities set forth for the Secretary in sections 10 and16 of this directive.

(8) The National Continuity Coordinator, in consultation with the heads of appropriate executive departments and agencies, will lead the development of a National Continuity Implementation Plan (Plan), which shall include prioritized goals and objectives, a concept of operations, performance metrics by which to measure continuity readiness, procedures for continuity and incident management activities, and clear direction to executive department and agency continuity coordinators, as well as guidance to promote interoperability of Federal Government continuity programs and procedures with State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure, as appropriate. The Plan shall be submitted to the President for approval not later than 90 days after the date of this directive.

(9) Recognizing that each branch of the Federal Government is responsible for its own continuity programs,an official designated by the Chief of Staff to the President shall ensure that the executive branch's COOP and COG policies in support of ECG efforts are appropriately coordinated with those of the legislative and judicial branches in order to ensure interoperability and allocate national assets efficiently to maintain a functioning Federal Government.

(10) Federal Government COOP, COG, and ECG plans and operations shall be appropriately integrated with the emergency plans and capabilities of State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure, as appropriate, in order to promote interoperability and to prevent redundancies and conflicting lines of authority. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall coordinate the integration of Federal continuity plans and operations with State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure, as appropriate, in order to provide for the delivery of essential services during an emergency.

(11) Continuity requirements for the Executive Office of the President (EOP) and executive departments and agencies shall include the following:

(a) The continuation of the performance of PMEFs during any emergency must be for a period up to 30 days or until normaloperations can be resumed, and the capability to be fully operational at alternate sites as soon as possible after the occurrence of an emergency, but not later than 12 hours after COOP activation;

(b) Succession orders and pre-planned devolution of authorities that ensure the emergency delegation of authority must be planned and documented in advance in accordance with applicable law;

(c) Vital resources, facilities, and records must be safeguarded, and official access to them must be provided;

(d) Provision must be made for the acquisition of the resources necessary for continuity operations on an emergency basis;

(e) Provision must be made for the availability and redundancy of critical communications capabilities at alternate sites in order to support connectivity between and among key government leadership, internal elements, other executive departments and agencies, critical partners, and the public;

(f) Provision must be made forreconstitution capabilities that allow for recovery from a catastrophic emergency and resumption of normal operations; and

(g) Provision must be made for the identification, training, and preparedness of personnel capable of relocating to alternate facilities to support the continuation of the performance of PMEFs.

(12) In order to provide a coordinated response to escalating threat levels or actual emergencies, the Continuity of Government Readiness Conditions (COGCON) system establishes executive branch continuity program readiness levels, focusing on possible threats to the National Capital Region. The President will determine and issue the COGCON Level. Executive departments and agencies shall comply with the requirements and assigned responsibilities under the COGCON program. During COOP activation, executive departments and agencies shall report their readiness status to the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Secretary's designee.

(13) TheDirector of the Office of Management and Budget shall:

(a) Conduct an annual assessment of executive department and agency continuity funding requests and performance data that are submitted by executive departments and agencies as part of the annual budget request process, in order to monitor progress in the implementation of the Plan and the execution of continuity budgets;

(b) In coordination with the National Continuity Coordinator, issue annual continuity planning guidance for the development of continuity budget requests; and

(c) Ensure that heads of executive departments and agencies prioritize budget resources for continuity capabilities, consistent with this directive.

(14) The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall:

(a) Define and issue minimum requirements for continuity communications for executive departments and agencies, in consultation with the APHS/CT, the APNSA, the Director of the Office ofManagement and Budget, and the Chief of Staff to the President;

(b) Establish requirements for, and monitor the development, implementation, and maintenance of, a comprehensive communications architecture to integrate continuity components, in consultation with the APHS/CT, the APNSA, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, and the Chief of Staff to the President; and

(c) Review quarterly and annual assessments of continuity communications capabilities, as prepared pursuant to section 16(d) of this directive or otherwise, and report the results and recommended remedial actions to the National Continuity Coordinator.

(15) An official designated by the Chief of Staff to the President shall:

(a) Advise the President, the Chief of Staff to the President, the APHS/CT, and the APNSA on COGCON operational execution options; and

(b) Consult with the Secretary of Homeland Security in order to ensure synchronization and integration ofcontinuity activities among the four categories of executive departments and agencies.

(16) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall:

(a) Coordinate the implementation, execution, and assessment of continuity operations and activities;

(b) Develop and promulgate Federal Continuity Directives in order to establish continuity planning requirements for executive departments and agencies;

(c) Conduct biennial assessments of individual department and agency continuity capabilities as prescribed by the Plan and report the results to the President through the APHS/CT;

(d) Conduct quarterly and annual assessments of continuity communications capabilities in consultation with an official designated by the Chief of Staff to the President;

(e) Develop, lead, and conduct a Federal continuity training and exercise program, which shall be incorporated into the National Exercise Program developed pursuant to Homeland Security PresidentialDirective-8 of December 17, 2003 ("National Preparedness"), in consultation with an official designated by the Chief of Staff to the President;

(f) Develop and promulgate continuity planning guidance to State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector critical infrastructure owners and operators;

(g) Make available continuity planning and exercise funding, in the form of grants as provided by law, to State, local, territorial, and tribal governments, and private sector critical infrastructure owners and operators; and

(h) As Executive Agent of the National Communications System, develop, implement, and maintain a comprehensive continuity communications architecture.

(17) The Director of National Intelligence, in coordination with the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall produce a biennial assessment of the foreign and domestic threats to the Nation's continuity of government.

(18) The Secretaryof Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall provide secure, integrated, Continuity of Government communications to the President, the Vice President, and, at a minimum, Category I executive departments and agencies.

(19) Heads of executive departments and agencies shall execute their respective department or agency COOP plans in response to a localized emergency and shall:

(a) Appoint a senior accountable official, at the Assistant Secretary level, as the Continuity Coordinator for the department or agency;

(b) Identify and submit to the National Continuity Coordinator the list of PMEFs for the department or agency and develop continuity plans in support of the NEFs and the continuation of essential functions under all conditions;

(c) Plan, program, and budget for continuity capabilities consistent with this directive;

(d) Plan, conduct, and support annual tests and training, in consultation with the Secretaryof Homeland Security, in order to evaluate program readiness and ensure adequacy and viability of continuity plans and communications systems; and

(e) Support other continuity requirements, as assigned by category, in accordance with the nature and characteristics of its national security roles and responsibilities

General Provisions

(20) This directive shall be implemented in a manner that is consistent with, and facilitates effective implementation of, provisions of the Constitution concerning succession to the Presidency or the exercise of its powers, and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 (3 U.S.C. 19), with consultation of the Vice President and, as appropriate, others involved. Heads of executive departments and agencies shall ensure that appropriate support is available to the Vice President and others involved as necessary to be prepared at all times to implement those provisions.

(21) This directive:

(a) Shall be implementedconsistent with applicable law and the authorities of agencies, or heads of agencies, vested by law, and subject to the availability of appropriations;

(b) Shall not be construed to impair or otherwise affect (i) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budget, administrative, and legislative proposals, or (ii) the authority of the Secretary of Defense over the Department of Defense, including the chain of command for military forces from the President, to the Secretary of Defense, to the commander of military forces, or military command and control procedures; and

(c) Is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by a party against the United States, its agencies, instrumentalities, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

(22) Revocation. Presidential Decision Directive 67 of October 21, 1998 ("EnduringConstitutional Government and Continuity of Government Operations"), including all Annexes thereto, is hereby revoked.

(23) Annex A and the classified Continuity Annexes, attached hereto, are hereby incorporated into and made a part of this directive.

(24) Security. This directive and the information contained herein shall be protected from unauthorized disclosure, provided that, except for Annex A, the Annexes attached to this directive are classified and shall be accorded appropriate handling, consistent with applicable Executive Orders.

GEORGE W. BUSH

Ich versteh leider zuwenig ... aber wie ich das verstehe gehts dabei darum, im Falle einer Nationalen Kathastrophe die Entscheidungsgewalt neu aufzuteilen.
Es werden anscheinend Stellen geschaffen, die dann absolute Entscheidungsgewalt über die sonstigen Stellen haben.
Irgendwie werden da alle demokratischen Wege ausgeschaltet um im Falle einer Katastrophe schnellst möglich reagieren zu können.
Was einerseits wie eine schlaue, unbürokratische Kathastrophenregierung aussieht, kann anderseits krass Missbraucht werden.
Aber evt. versteht ja hier jemand die Derektive besser und kann uns darüber aufklären? (siehe obigen Link 09:38 )

ähh ne (siehe Monsterpost über mir) ^^
Hast ja grad die ganze Direktive gepostet xD

Ich hab irgendwo gelesen, daß die FEMA bereits den Ausnahmezustand "probt".
Weiß nicht ob es stimmt, und ob sie das nicht sowieso ständing proben.
Hm...

<<ähh ne (siehe Monsterpost über mir) ^^
Hast ja grad die ganze Direktive gepostet xD<<

ja, und wenn ich Zeit finde dann übersetze ich sie. Aber das dauert, findest du vielleicht ne bereitsübersetze Fassung im Netz?

ich such ma... find leider ned viel auf deutsch im netz .. bis jetzt meist nur Forenbeiträge... evt hats da einer ja gemacht?-- ich such ma.

lol...
Ein anderes Modell – das kurioserweise mit der britischen Bürgerrechtsorganisation Liberty als Ideengeber "erarbeitet" wurde – sieht die Erweiterung der Inhaftierung um 30 Tage auf insgesamt 58 Tage vor, die im Civil Contingencies Act verankert wird und genutzt werden kann, wenn die britische Regierung nach diesem Gesetz im Katastrophenfall (zu dem auch terroristische Anschläge größeren Ausmaßes zählen) den Notstand erklärt. Das Gesetz wird als Pendant zum amerikanischen Patriot Act gewertet und erinnert in seinem Inhalt und möglichen Auswirkungen an die "Catastrophic Emergency" Direktive des US-Präsidenten Bush, über die Telepolis im Artikel Das amerikanische Ermächtigungsgesetz? berichtete.

Nach diesem Gesetz kann die britische Regierung u. a. den Notstand ohne Mitwirkung des Parlaments ausrufen, zahlreiche Notverordnungen ohne Kontrolle des Parlaments erlassen, die Grundrechte aufheben oder eigenmächtig den Einsatz von Armee und Spezialeinheiten im Inlandauslösen. Auf dem Gesetz basiert auch das Cobra Komitee, von dem immer nach Anschlägen in Großbritannien in den Medien die Rede ist. Das Komitee ist es auch, das eigentlich den Notstand ausruft und damit quasi die Regierung übernimmt.
Quelle: http://blog.kairaven.de/archives/1259-Festung-Great-Britain.html (Archiv-Version vom 03.11.2007)

England is ready ...
Aber ich such ma weiter nach ner übersetzung der Direktive

Die Möglichkeit bestand schon weit vor 2007. Das ist echt nix Neues.

Naja Du sprichts bestimmt den Patriot Act an ? Ja ..man könnte diese Direktive eine Erweiterung dessen nennen.
Also irgendwie is das starker Tubbak.. und ich zittiere ausm obigen Link:

Selbst wenn die Bush-Direktive keine Anwendung finden sollte – ihre Existenz allein wäre Grund genug, die öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit, vor allem in den USA, zu mobilisieren. Dass bisher außer dem Boston Globe keine einzige US-Zeitung darüber berichtet hat – neben dem Oregonian, der über DeFazios Gesuch in das Thema einstieg – gibt zu denken.

@Senfkorn

ich bin gerade dabei es zu übersetzen. Habe es von Systrans übersetzen lassen und schreibe es jetzt sauber. Dauert noch 30-45min.

Link: www.youtube.com (extern)

Das FEMA Notstandsprogramm
Rex 84 erregte Aufsehen als die Pläne während der Anhörungen über die Iran-Contra-Affäre im Jahr 1987 erwähnt wurden und Zeitungen wie der Miami Herald die Sache aufgriffen.
Einer der Hauptdrahtzieher der Iran-Contra-Affäre, Lieutenant-Colonel Oliver North, wurde in einer Anhörung von Jack Brooks gefragt, ob er an der Ausarbeitung von Plänen beteiligt gewesen war, im Falle eines nationalen Notstandes die Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten außer Kraft zu setzen. Der Vorsitzende der Anhörung blockte die Frage zweimal hintereinander ab da jene ein "streng klassifiziertes (geheimes) Gebiet" berühre und nicht öffentlich behandelt werden könne.
Ausschnitt der Anhörung im Link.

Im Grunde genommen ist der erste Gesetzesentwurf der am 23. März 1933 beschlossen und am 24. März verkündet wurde nichts neues. Das erste Gesetz, das diese Notstandsverordnung beinhaltet, wurde von Roland Regen schon 1984 verabschiedet.

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